--- trunk/chrisDissertation/dissertation.tex 2006/09/22 13:45:24 3019 +++ trunk/chrisDissertation/dissertation.tex 2006/10/11 14:33:13 3042 @@ -1,4 +1,4 @@ -\documentclass[12pt]{ndthesis} +\documentclass[nosummary]{ndthesis} % some packages for things like equations and graphics \usepackage[tbtags]{amsmath} @@ -11,13 +11,15 @@ \usepackage{cite} \usepackage{enumitem} \renewcommand{\appendixname}{APPENDIX} +\clubpenalty=10000 +\widowpenalty=10000 \begin{document} \frontmatter -\title{APPLICATION AND DEVELOPMENT OF MOLECULAR DYNAMICS TECHNIQUES FOR THE -STUDY OF WATER AND OTHER BIOCHEMICAL SYSTEMS} +\title{DEVELOPMENT OF MOLECULAR DYNAMICS TECHNIQUES FOR THE +STUDY OF WATER AND BIOCHEMICAL SYSTEMS} \author{Christopher Joseph Fennell} \work{Dissertation} \degprior{B.Sc.} @@ -29,34 +31,49 @@ STUDY OF WATER AND OTHER BIOCHEMICAL SYSTEMS} \begin{abstract} -The following dissertation lays out research that I have performed -over the last several years. All of the work relies on the technique of -molecular dynamics, and in this dissertation I start by outlining many -of the considerations that go into molecular dynamics -simulations. This is followed by an introduction to {\sc oopse}, the -object oriented parallel simulation engine, which is a program for -performing molecular simulations developed and maintained in our -lab. Most of the research was performed either using {\sc oopse} or -earlier code that predated {\sc oopse}. +This dissertation comprises a body of research in the field of +classical molecular simulations, with particular emphasis placed on +the proper depiction of water. It is arranged such that the techniques +and models are first developed and tested before being applied and +compared with experimental results. Accordingly, the first chapter +starts by introducing the technique of molecular dynamics and +discussing technical considerations needed to correctly perform +molecular simulations. -This introduction is followed by three chapters that discuss in detail -the primary research projects for which I am responsible. The first -project discusses my work on electrostatic interaction correction -techniques, with applications to water and biologically relevant -molecular systems. This leads into work on improving the depiction of -water in molecular simulations by refining simple and highly -computationally efficient single point water models. The final project -discussed in this body of research involves free energy calculations -of ice polymorphs, and includes investigations of a new ice polymorph -that we discovered while performing simulations involving the single -point water models. +The second chapter builds on these consideration aspects by discussing +correction techniques for handling long-ranged electrostatic +interactions. Particular focus is placed on the damped shifted force +({\sc sf}) technique, and it is shown to be nearly equivalent to the +Ewald summation in simulations of condensed phases. Since the {\sc sf} +technique is pairwise, it scales as $\mathcal{O}(N)$ and lacks +periodicity artifacts. This technique is extended to include +point-multipoles, and optimal damping parameters are determined to +ensure proper depiction of the dielectric behavior of molecular +systems. -I end this dissertation with some concluding remarks and -appendices. The conclusion simply sums up the previous sections and -comments on the research findings. The appendices include supporting -information and a more detailed look at systems that were treated in a -more general form in the earlier sections. +The third chapter applies the above techniques and focuses on water +model development, specifically the single-point soft sticky dipole +(SSD) model. In order to better depict water with SSD in computer +simulations, it needed to be reparametrized, resulting in SSD/RF and +SSD/E, new variants optimized for simulations with and without a +reaction field correction. These new single-point models are more +efficient than the more common multi-point models and better capture +the dynamic properties of water. SSD/RF can be used with damped {\sc +sf} through the multipolar extension described in the previous +chapter. +The final chapter deals with a unique polymorph of ice that was +discovered while performing simulations with the SSD models. This +form of ice, called ``imaginary ice'' (Ice-$i$), has a low-density +structure which is different from any previously known ice +polymorph. The free energy analysis discussed here shows that it is +the thermodynamically preferred form of ice for both the single-point +and commonly used multi-point water models. Including electrostatic +corrections is necessary to obtain more realistic results; however, +the free energies of the studied polymorphs are typically so similar +that system properties, like the volume in $NVT$ simulations, can +directly influence the ice polymorph expressed. + \end{abstract} \begin{dedication} @@ -71,16 +88,15 @@ teacher and helped fuel my desire to learn. I would al I would to thank my advisor, J. Daniel Gezelter, for the guidance, perspective, and direction he provided during this work. He is a great teacher and helped fuel my desire to learn. I would also like to thank -my fellow group members - Dr.~Matthew A.~Meineke, Dr.~Teng Lin, -Charles F.~Vardeman~II, Kyle Daily, Xiuquan Sun, Yang Zheng, Kyle -S.~Haygarth, Patrick Conforti, Megan Sprague, and Dan Combest for -helpful comments and suggestions along the way. I would also like to -thank Christopher Harrison and Dr. Steven Corcelli for additional -discussions and comments. Finally, I would like to thank my parents, -Edward P.~Fennell and Rosalie M.~Fennell, for providing the -opprotunities and encouragement that allowed me to pursue my -interests, and I would like to thank my wife, Kelley, for her -unwaivering support. +my fellow group members - Dr.~Matthew Meineke, Dr.~Teng Lin, Charles +Vardeman~II, Kyle Daily, Xiuquan Sun, Yang Zheng, Kyle Haygarth, +Patrick Conforti, Megan Sprague, and Dan Combest for helpful comments +and suggestions along the way. I would also like to thank Christopher +Harrison and Dr.~Steven Corcelli for additional discussions and +comments. Finally, I would like to thank my parents, Edward and +Rosalie Fennell, for providing the opportunities and encouragement +that allowed me to pursue my interests, and I would like to thank my +wife, Kelley, for her unwavering support. \end{acknowledge} \mainmatter